These processed carbohydrates are used in cookies, cakes, breads, pastas, and pies. Many of the starches and sugars we eat have been processed into products, such as flour and corn syrup. Sugarcane and sugar beets are grown specifically for their high sugar content. Sugars, found in fruits, vegetables, and milk, are also carbohydrates. They include starches found in cereal grains and plants like potatoes and yams. Nearly all the carbohydrates we eat come from plants. Carbohydrates provide energy for the body. Most foods contain all or most nutrient groups, in different amounts. Kinds of Nutrients Scientists divide nutrients into six major groups: carbohydrates, fats, proteins, minerals, vitamins, and water. For adults, this can range from 1,800 to about 3,000. Depending on age, sex, and activity level, the recommended daily caloric intake for a child aged 11 to 14 can range anywhere from 1,600 to 2,600 calories per day, with sedentary girls needing the fewest calories and active boys needing the most. Age, sex, weight, height, and level of activity determine the number of calories a person needs each day. The energy in food is measured in units called calories. Nutrients provide the energy our bodies need to function. Food contains nutrients-substances essential for the growth, repair, and maintenance of body tissues and for the regulation of vital processes. Food is one of the basic necessities of life.
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